Muscle tissue is a specialized tissue found in animals which functions by contracting, thereby applying forces to different parts of the body. Muscular system introduction functions and basic types of. Nervous tissue definition, function and types biology. The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body. In this video im going to introduce the structure of the nervous system and the nervous system is divided into two main structural parts. The nervous system can be divided into subdivisions based on structure and on function. Before getting to the nuts and bolts of how this works, an illustration of how the components come together will be helpful. Physical structure of skeletal muscle each muscle consists of skeletal muscle tissue, connective tissue, nerve. And the second is called the peripheral nervous system. It consists of neurons and supporting cells called neuroglia.
Meissners corpuscles are enclosed in a capsule of connective tissue they react to light touch and are located in the skin of your palms, soles, lips, eyelids, external genitals and nipples these areas of your body are particularly sensitive. The nervous system functions of the nervous system 1. The structure and function of nerve tissue was also discussed in wagners. Connective tissue proper of the nervous tissue which include. They are responsible for sensing stimuli and transmitting signals to and from different parts of an organism. A glial cell is one of a variety of cells that provide a framework of tissue that supports the neurons and their activities. Nervous tissue, also called neural tissue, is the main tissue component of the nervous system. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The main function of nervous tissue is to perceive stimuli and generate nerve impulses to various organs of the body. Nervous tissue is made up of cells called neurons and neuroglia. Nervous or the nerve tissue is the main tissue of our nervous system.
The human body is made of four general types of tissues. Describe the general characteristics of muscle tissues. Peripheral nervous system pns spinal and cranial nerves, all neural tissue outside the cns. Neurons very large excitable cells with long processes called axons and dendrites. Focus now shifts to the function of movement, and the muscle tissue that facilitates it. The human nervous system consists of the central nervous system cns and the peripheral nervous system pns. Nervous tissue nervous tissue is an important part of the humans nervous system. The place to start this study of the nervous system is the beginning of the. The central nervous system structure and functionthird. Oligodendrocyte cells produce myelin in the central nervous system brain and spinal cord while the schwann cell produces myelin in the peripheral nervous system figure 4. Structure of the nervous system video khan academy. Nervous tissue makes up three major parts of our nervous system. Structure and function of neurons structure neurons are highly specialized for the processing and transmission of cellular signals. A bridge of neural tissue called the massa intermedia.
List the glial cells of the cns and describe their function. Distinguish between the three types of muscle tissues. Neurons are dynamic cells with the ability to make a vast number of connections, to respond incredibly quickly to stimuli, and to initiate movements on the basis of. The structure and function of nervous tissue sciencedirect. There are four main tissues in the body epithelium, muscle, connective tissue and nervous tissue. Nervous tissue is composed of neurons, also called nerve cells, and neuroglial cells. Four types of neuroglia found in the cns are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes. Pdf difference between epithelial and connective tissue. Give the chief locations of the muscle and nervous tissue in the body 4.
Pdf foundations of physiological psychology neil r. Nervous tissue contains two categories of cells neurons and neuroglia. Muscle tissue consists of fibers of muscle cells connected together in sheets and fibers. It is specialized tissue found in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Transmits information to the processing areas of the brain and spine 3. Processes the information in the brain and spine integration function 4. Nervous tissue is massed in or near the central nervous system and sends out branches to innervate nearly all parts of the body. Conducts nerve impulses between body structures and controls body functions. Nervous tissue is grouped into two main categories. Nervous tissue is one of four major classes of tissues and makes up the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Explanation of the structure and function of the nervous. Chapter 4 tissues 65 tissues are the building blocks of the bodys organs. Central and peripheral, and both of those are themselves divided into two main parts. The cardiac muscle cell is striated, like skeletal muscle.
Jul 23, 2019 nervous tissue structure july 23, 2019 by luqman. Brain, spinal cord, and nerves are composed of nervous tissue, they are specialized for being stimulated to transmit. Neurons are specialized to generate and conduct electrical activity, and neuroglia provide structural support to the neurons. Neurons are the primary type of cell that most anyone associates with the nervous system. The neural tissue in general develops from the ectoderm of the embryo, but the microgliocytes to be described ahead arise from the mesoderm of the embryo. Together with the endocrine system, the nervous system is responsible for regulating and maintaining homeostasis. Define tissue is group of cell similar in structure and function but locate in different place inside and outside the body. As in any other cell, the cell is responsible for controlling metabolic activity. The basic unit of structure of nervous tissue is the neuron, consisting of a nerve cell body and several processes. Physiology ii and biochemistry ii focuses on the structure and function of nervous tissue.
Basic structure and function of the nervous system anatomy. In nervous tissue function, it is an elongated structure protruding from the cell body and seriously branched at the end. It gathers information from all over the body and coordinates activity. Nervous system and endocrine system are the chief control centers. Gathers information from both inside and outside the body sensory function 2. Visit this site to learn about how nervous tissue is composed of neurons and glial cells. The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The journal publishes the latest research on peripheral nervous system, nervous impulse, spinal cord, cerebral hemisphere, hypothalamus, brainstem, brain tumors, clinical neurophysiology, meningiomas, neurological.
The special properties of the cells of the nervous tissue are, excitability and conductivity. Four basic types of tissues in the body epithelium 90% of tumors connective tissue. It investigates the plasticity of synapses, their degeneration and regeneration, neuronal inclusions, rna of nervous tissue, and molecular organization of neural information processing. The focus of this chapter is on nervous neural tissue, both its structure and its function. Tissues are groups of cells with a common structure form and function job. Not for sale or distribution introduction to the structure. White matter, containing myelinated axons, connects and facilitates nerve impulse between grey matter areas in the cns. A tissue is a group of cells, in close proximity, organized to perform one or more specific functions there are four basic tissue types defined by their morphology and function. Basic structure and function of the nervous system. Each of the these subdivisions are referred to as separate nervous systems.
Consisting of two basic types of cells, neurons and glial cells, nervous tissue represents a fundamental aspect of living organisms. They are smaller than neurons, and vary in structure according to their function. Name the four major tissue types and their subcategories. Lets get to know its structure and functions in detail. Identify the different types of neurons on the basis of polarity. Nervous tissue, present in both the cns and pns, contains two basic types of cells. Nervous tissue is composed of two types of cells, neurons and glial cells. These organs work together to integrate and coordinatesensory and motor information for the purpose ofcontrolling the various tissues, organs, and organsystems of the body.
It monitors and regulates the functions of the body. Name four types of neuroglia in the cns, and list at least four functions of these cells. Nervous tissue is made up of neurons and neuroglia. The cellular unit of the nervous system is the neuron. Together these sheets and fibers and known as muscles, and control the movements of an organisms as well as many other contractile functions. Connective tissue sheath of the peripheral nerves, which include see diagram 1. F1a is composed largely of nerve cells, the neurons, and their cytoplasmic processes together with a specialized type of supporting tissue, the neuroglia. Muscle tissues and nervous tissues biology libretexts. Explain the structure and function of the muscle and nervous tissues. The contraction of cardiac muscle is involuntary, strong, and rhythmical.
The equivalent structures in the cns are not obvious from this overall perspective and are best examined in prepared tissue under the microscope. Nervous tissue is the term for groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the bodys movements, sends and carries signals to and from the different parts of the body, and has a role in controlling bodily functions such as digestion. Understand the structure and function of myelin sheaths of axons in the cns and pns, how myelinis produced and maintained, and the difference between myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in peripheral nerves. Central nervous system the central nervous system is composed of two majorinterconnected organs. Cns is composed of the brain located in the cranial cavity and the spinal cord located in the vertebral cavity, which serve as the main control centers for all body activities. The nervous tissue is an assemblage of cells and supportive elements materials in which there is a predominance of cells which are highly specialized in the property of excitability and conductivity, whereby they are capable of generating and conducting electrochemical wave along their plasma membrane. The nervous system regulates and controls bodily functions and activity and. The cells of nervous tissue are specialized to transmit and receive. However, keep in mind that the subdivisions are all part of a single nervous system.
Epithelial tissues for lining body cavities, covering internal organs and large surfaces. Nervous tissues are made of cells specialized to receive and transmit electrical impulses from specific areas of the body and to send them to specific locations in the body organized into structures called nerves. In other chapters, the finer details of the nervous system will be explained, but first looking at an overview of the system will allow you to begin to understand how its parts work together. The neuron is the more functionally important of the two, in terms of the communicative function of the nervous. However, the functions of the muscle types and the arrangement of cells within them vary. For example, imagine a scenario in which you are attempting to hammer a nail into the wall. Use the key choices to identify the major types of tissue described below. Dec 22, 2017 the central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The function of nervous tissue anatomy and physiology. The nervous system regulates and controls bodily functions and activity and consists of two parts. They are electrically active and release chemical signals to target cells. Most of your touch receptors sit close to your skins surface. Central and peripheral nervous system the structures of the pns are referred to as ganglia and nerves, which can be seen as distinct structures. Excitable, independent anatomic and functional units with complex morphological characteristics.
The nervous system is responsible for the control of the body and the communication among its parts. Understanding these structures and the functions they perform requires a detailed description of the anatomy of the nervous system, delving deep into what the central and peripheral structures are. It drives the neuron through energy synthesis and is responsible for the growth and repair of the neuron. Nervous tissue function and types of neurons by structure. They are responsible for the computation and communication that the nervous system provides. Hyalinecartilageisthemostabundanttypeofcartilageinthebodyandisfound% intheribcage,thenose,thetrachea,andtheendsoflongbones.
We explore the types of cells involved, the regions of. Here, the dynamic and concise presentation of both the structure and the function of the central nervous system at different levels molecular, cellular, and systems, with special emphasis on how the different components are connected and interact, manages to captivate the reader. The picture you have in your mind of the nervous system probably includes the brain, the nervous tissue contained within the cranium, and the spinal cord, the extension of nervous tissue within the vertebral column. Because most organs contain all four tissue types, learning about the structure and functions of tissues will provide a strong foundation for your understanding of the structure and functions of the organs discussed in the remaining chapters of this book. Integration and communication are the two major functions of nervous tissue. Our nervous tissue allows us to experience stimuli and then make a response. Nervous tissue is one of four major classes of tissues. Connective tissue of the blood vessels of the nervous tissue. It is the center of all mental activity including thought, learning, and memory. Pdf the previous works of purkyne, valentin, and remak showed that the central. Describe the structures and basic functions of each organ of the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Given the diversity of functions performed by neurons in different parts of the nervous system, there is, as expected, a wide variety in the shape, size, and electrochemical properties of neurons. All muscles are contractile and excitable and they contain the proteins myosin and actin, which are responsible for contraction. Nervous tissue characteristics, structure, function. In the cns, grey matter, which contains the synapses, is important for information processing. The peripheral nervous system consists of the nerves that extend to all reaches of the body the periphery.
Explanation of the structure and function of the nervous tissue. The function of nervous tissue is to form the communication network of the nervous system by conducting electric signals across tissue. Dohrman and tamhsc faculty 2012 structure and function of human organ systems, histology laboratory manual. The function of nervous tissue is to transmit and receive external and internal stimuli. Nervous tissue is the primary tissue that composes the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Tissues tissues are composed of cells similar in structure and specialized to perform a specific function for the body. Nervous tissue, a component of nervous system, is made up of many neurons and supportive cells, called neuroglia. Having looked at the components of nervous tissue, and the basic anatomy of the nervous system, next comes an understanding of how nervous tissue is capable of communicating within the nervous system.
Describe the general cellular components, structures, fibers, and matrix if applicable of each type of connective tissue. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Nervous tissue carries a fundamental property of living tissue, irritability, to an extreme degree, being highly specialized to receive and transmit internal as well as external stimuli. The neuron is the more functionally important of the two, in terms of the communicative function of the nervous system. The structure and function of nervous tissue, volume iv. Functions of the nervous system are sensory input integration, control of muscles and glands, homeostasis, and mental activity. That suggests it is made of two organsand you may not even think of the spinal cord as an organbut the nervous system is a very complex structure.
113 1330 204 1318 1061 1484 1580 1005 399 408 227 482 627 871 655 461 1096 898 828 274 297 573 1645 168 1019 806 550 521 388 549 1251 126 1089 145 434