Pest survey card on candidatus liberibacter solanacearum european food safety authority efsa, marianne loiseau, gritta schrader, melanie camilleri, makrina diakaki, sybren vos abstract this pest survey card was prepared in the context of the efsa mandate on plant pest surveillance m201707, at the request of the european commission. Transmission of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum in carrot seeds plant pathol, 64 2015, pp. Detection, distribution, and genetic variability of. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum liefting et al.
Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum is known to primarily infect. Pdf haplotypes of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. Description of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum candidatus liberibacter solanacearum so. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum was first identified in 2008 simultaneously in the united states and new zealand. Candidatus liberibacter asiaticus las is the most prevalent hlb causal agent that is yet to be cultured. Transmission tests of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum.
Nissinen6, minna pirhonen1 1 department of agricultural sciences, fi00014 university of helsinki, helsinki, finland, 2. Earlier reports refer to the pathogen as liberibacter solanacearum or candidatus. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum, associated with. An emerging pathogen infecting potato and tomato1 binoy babu, mathews l.
The term candidatus indicates that it has not proved possible to maintain this bacterium in culture. A transcriptomics approach reveals putative interaction of. Introduction the symptoms on peppers include stunted growth, and. In ishivegs view there is a lack of evidence for seed transmission of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. First report of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum on. Pm 925 1 bactericera cockerelli and candidatus liberibacter. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum libepsdocuments. The complete genome sequence of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum, the bacterium associated with potato zebra chip disease hong lin1, binghai lou1,2. General information about candidatus liberibacter solanacearum libeps name authority. Mauriciocastillo2 1campo experimental zacatecas instituto. Hostfree biofilm culture of candidatus liberibacter.
Expresspra1 for candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. The complete genome sequence of candidatus liberibacter. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16s rrna gene sequence, the deduced amino acid sequence of the rplj gene and a partial nucleotide sequence of the. This emerging bacterium cannot be cultured in vitro yet munyaneza, 2012. Later, the same bacterial species was found in europe, associated with diseases in the apiaceae family plants carrot and celery 812. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum clso was first described in connection with diseases of solanaceous crops, including potato, tomato and capsicum in new zealand and north america 17. Without control measures or another avoidance strategy against the vectors the bacterium distributed by them can strongly affect the cultivated crops and in case of potatoes even lead to the fact. It is considered very invasive due to its ability to be transported primarily in infective psyllids munyaneza et al. Research article genomic sequence of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum haplotype c and its comparison with haplotype a and b genomes jinhui wang1, minna haapalainen1, thomas schott2, sarah m. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum contains two solanaceous cropinfecting haplotypes, a and b. Detection of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum on. Methods for rapid and effective pcrbased detection of. It is important that any suspect infections are reported.
First report of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum in carrot in france. The first two are associated with zebra chippsyllid yellows of potatoes and other solanaceous. Pm 7143 1 candidatus liberibacter solanacearum 2020. The images show mild a, moderate b and severe c and d discolouration flecking of the vascular tissue and flecking and streaking of the medullary rays arrows, which may be observed in fresh tubers before frying images from new zealand, courtesy of dr lia liefting.
Symptoms including leaf curling, yellowing, bronze and purplish discoloration, stunting of plants and roots, and proliferation of secondary roots, affected 20 to 40% of the. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum is a plant pathogen associated with diseases affecting several crops of the solanaceae and apiaceae. Pdf first report of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. Vahling4 1united states department of agricultureagricultural research. Transmission of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum in. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum agriculture and food. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum is a prohibited organism for western australia. Detection of the liberibacters is based on pcr amplification of their 16s rrna gene with specific primers. Infection by candidatus liberibacter solanacearum haplotypes a. This document is pp320, one of a series of the plant pathology department, ufifas extension. Genomes of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum haplotype a from new zealand and the united states suggest significant genome plasticity in the species.
Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum revision history. Interaction of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum with the endoplasmic reticulum of its psyllid vector saptarshi ghosh 1, ola jassar 1, svetlana kontsedalov 1, galina lebedev 1, chunxia wang 2, donielle turner 2, amit levy 2,3 and murad ghanim 1, 1 department of entomology, the volcani center, rishon lezion 7505101, israel. Spiky and chlorotic apical growth figures 6 and 7 3. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum aps journals the.
Express pra for candidatus liberibacter solanacearum 612 expresspra candidatus liberibacter solanacearum for infested carrot plants. Pm100228 eppo a1 and a2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests 2019. An emerging pathogen infecting potato and tomato 4 symptoms associated with ca. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum positive psyllidspecimenstotal of analyzed specimens total captured b the three positive specimens belong to bactericera sp. This pest specific response plan has been prepared by the defra risk and policy team. These vegetative disorders were associated with candidatus liberibacter solanacearum and not with phytoplasmas. Vegetative disorders similar to those associated with the presence of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum calsol were observed in carrot plants in kairouan, tunisia from 2014 to 2016. Pdf a liberibacter isolate nz082226 was detected in a symptomatic tomato plant and subsequently in five other members of the family solanaceae find. Candidatus liberibacter is a genus of gramnegative bacteria in the rhizobiaceae family.
This study provides a protocol for rapid dna isolation from psyllid vectors bactericera cockerelli and diaphorina citri that can be used directly with dnabased methods for the detection of candidatus ca. This is the first liberibacter species described from a nonrutaceous host. Detection of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum in. Genomic sequence of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. Documents about candidatus liberibacter solanacearum libeps number title download. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum infects pepper plants. Solanaceae that causes zebra chip disease of potato solanum tuberosum l.
Haplotypes of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum liefting, perez. Association of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum with a vegetative disorder of celery in spain and development of a realtime pcr method for its detection. Dp 21 diagnostic protocols for regulated pests dp 212 international plant protection convention 1. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum 20 eppo bulletin. Moreover, it is associated with economically important diseases such as zebra chip in potato solanum tuberosum secor et al. Citrus huanglongbing hlb is the most devastating citrus disease worldwide.
Early detection and eradication will help protect the western australian horticultural industries. Maximumlikelihood tree based on a 650 bp alignment of 129 candidatus liberibacter sequences of the 50 s ribosomal protein l10 rplj gene from symptomatic citrus samples collected from ethiopia. Pm100228 eppo a1 and a2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as. Civerolo,1 chuanwu chen2, yongping duan4, lijuan zhou5, cheryl m. Transmission of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum in carrot seeds article pdf available in plant pathology 642 may 2014 with 1,921 reads how we measure reads. General features of the candidatus liberibacter solanacearum genome and comparison to ca. Bactericera trigonica infests umbelliferous plants and transmits the bacterial plant pathogen candidatus liberibacter solanacearum clso, causing carrot yellows disease. Temperature has been shown to have a significant effect on development of liberibacter species associated with citrus huanglongbing disease. A protocol for the specific detection and quantification of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum in carrot seeds using realtime pcr was developed. Here, we analysed the flagellar genes of las and rhizobiaceae and observed two characteristics unique to the flagellar proteins of las. In this version an internal amplification control is added to the seqpcr background in ishivegs view there is a lack of evidence for seed transmission of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum ca.
Introduction candidatus liberibacter solanacearum is a gram. Detection of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum on carrot seeds. Abstract candidatus liberibacter solanacearum is a pathogen of solanaceous crops solanales. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum haplotypes d and e. Pest survey card on candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. Both the psyllid and the bacterium have noncrop host plants which can. First report of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum associated with the psyllid bactericera trigonica hodkinson on carrots in northern. Three haplotypes of the recently discovered bacterium species candidatus liberibacter solanacearum are described and related to geographic ranges. Endosymbionts harbored inside insects play critical roles in the biology of their insect host and can influence the transmission of pathogens by insect vectors.
The specificity and sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction pcr primers developed for candidatus liberibacter solanacearum and candidatus liberibacter psyllaurous were evaluated in. Pdf candidatus liberibacter solanacearum, associated with. Distribution of candidatus liberibacter species in eastern. Microorganisms free fulltext an intranuclear sodalis. The disease was first reported in the united states in 2004. The flagella of candidatus liberibacter asiaticus and. Diagnostic protocol for the identification and detection. Gentit acta horticulturae mar 2017, number 1153, 4146 crossref first report of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum associated with the psyllid bactericera.
The first two are associated with zebra chippsyllid yellows of potatoes and other solanaceous plants, vectored by the tomatopotato psyllid bactericera cockerelli in north and central america and new zealand. Ecology and management of bactericera cockerelli and. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum libepsoverview. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum lso is bacterium transmitted by psyllids to solanaceae and apiaceae plants. The bacterium was detected in 23 out of 54 carrot seed lots from 2010 to 2014, including seeds collected from diseased mother plants.
Distorted and curled leaflets figures 6, 7, and 9 4. Kenya n 6 and uganda n 78, and other liberibacter sequences available in genbank n 6, with candidatus liberibacter solanacearum as an outgroup. Localization of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum lso is a phloemlimited, gramnegative, unculturable bacterium that is primarily spread by psyllid insect vectors. Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum is found in all states west of the rocky mountains, kansas and in texas. The prefix candidatus is used in a unique trinomial name system, which indicates that the bacterium is unculturable. This standard describes a diagnostic protocol for candidatus liberibacter solanacearum, and for its detection in the psyllid vectors bactericera cockerelli, trioza apicalis and bactericera trigonica. Members of the genus are plant pathogens mostly transmitted by psyllids. Rapid pest risk analysis for candidatus liberibacter. This pathogen is vectored by the potatotomato psyllid bactericera cockerelli sulc hemiptera.
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